By Kurt Seifried [email protected]
IPChains contains several new features as compared to ipfwadm; you can create chains of rules (hence the name) and link them together, making administration of firewalls far easier. IPChains supports more targets then ipfwadm; you can point a rule at: ACCEPT, DENY, REJECT, MASQ, REDIRECT, or RETURN or a user defined chain. As such it is very powerful, for example I could redirect all packets bound for port 80 (www traffic) going through my gateway machine to be redirected to local port 3128, the Squid proxy server. You can also use this in conjunction with quality of service routing, the example given in ipfwadm's documentation is that of prioritizing traffic going over a PPP link, you can give telnet traffic a much higher priority then say ftp, reducing latency problems caused by a saturated link. Typically I create an /etc/rc.d/init.d/ipchains-sh (or wherever appropriate) and call it immediately before the networking is brought up, this leaves a NO time in which the server is vulnerable.
The following script is appropriate for a gateway with 2 interfaces running, the reason I have used the DENY instead of REJECT target is so that the packet is dropped and not responded to in any way, this slows down network scans (as they wait for the packet to timeout instead of receiving a response) and gives away less information. I would also advise against logging data unless you have a significant amount of drive space available, for each packet I send (several bytes) many bytes of drive space is used up to create a log entry, making it easy to overwhelm syslog and/or your drive space on a fast connection.
#!/bin/bash # # This script sets up firewall rules appropriate for a server with 2 interfaces # running as a gateway # This script needs to be edited if you plan to use it. # We assume the internal machines call all talk to the gateway, so no rules block # internal traffic # # A couple of variables # # ETH0 is the IP address on ETH0 (the external interface) # ETH0NET is the network # ETH0NETMASK is the network mask # TRUSTEDHOST1 is a trusted host (for webmin/ssh) # TRUSTEDHOST2 is a trusted host (for webmin/ssh) # ETH1IP is the IP address on ETH1 (internal interface) # ETH1NET is the network # ETH1NETMASK is the network mask # ETH0IP=1.1.1.1 ETH0NET=1.1.1.0 ETH0NETMASK=24 TRUSTEDHOST1=1.5.1.1 TRUSTEDHOST2=1.5.1.2 ETH1IP=10.0.0.1 ETH1NET=10.0.0.0 ETH1NETMASK=24 # PATH=/sbin # FLUSH ALL RULES ipchains -F input ipchains -F output ipchains -F forward # ANTI-SPOOFING ipchains -A input -p all -j DENY -s 10.0.0.0/8 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 ipchains -A input -p all -j DENY -s 127.0.0.0/8 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 ipchains -A input -p all -j DENY -s 192.168.0.0/16 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 ipchains -A input -p all -j DENY -s 172.16.0.0/16 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 ipchains -A input -p all -j DENY -s $ETH0IP -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 # ICMP FIRST ipchains -A input -p icmp -j ACCEPT -s $ETH0NET/$ETH0NETMASK -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 ipchains -A input -p icmp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 # SSH ipchains -A input -p tcp -j ACCEPT -s $TRUSTEDHOST1 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 22 ipchains -A input -p tcp -j ACCEPT -s $TRUSTEDHOST2 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 22 # BLOCKING 1:1023 ipchains -A input -p tcp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 1:1023 ipchains -A input -p udp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 1:1023 # BLOCKING OTHER THINGS ipchains -A input -p tcp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 1109 ipchains -A input -p tcp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 1524 ipchains -A input -p tcp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 1600 ipchains -A input -p tcp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 2003 ipchains -A input -p udp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 2049 ipchains -A input -p tcp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 2105 ipchains -A input -p udp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 3001 ipchains -A input -p tcp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 3001 ipchains -A input -p udp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 3128:3130 ipchains -A input -p tcp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 3128:3130 ipchains -A input -p tcp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 3306 ipchains -A input -p udp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 3306 ipchains -A input -p tcp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 4444 ipchains -A input -p tcp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 6000:6100 ipchains -A input -p udp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 6000:6100 ipchains -A input -p tcp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 6667 ipchains -A input -p tcp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 7000 # WEBMIN ipchains -A input -p tcp -j ACCEPT -s $TRUSTEDHOST1 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 10000 ipchains -A input -p tcp -j ACCEPT -s $TRUSTEDHOST2 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 10000 ipchains -A input -p tcp -j DENY -s 0.0.0.0/0 -i eth0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 10000 # FORWARD RULES ipchains -P forward DENY ipchains -A forward -p all -j MASQ -s $ETH1NET/$ETH1NETMASK -d 0.0.0.0/0
Some scripts for Red Hat Linux in rpm format: http://www.webideal.de/rh-isdn/downloads/.
A simple script that converts ipfwadm rules to ipchains rules, making migration a snap. The script is available at: http://users.dhp.com/~whisper/ipfwadm2ipchains/
Last updated on 27/9/2001
Copyright Kurt Seifried 2001 [email protected]